Advanced Concrete Technology Processes
The book is based on the syllabus and learning objectives devised by the Institute of
Concrete Technology for the Advanced Concrete Technology (ACT) course. The first
ACT course was held in 1968 at the Fulmer Grange Training Centre of the Cement and
Concrete Association (now the British Cement Association). Following a re-organization
of the BCA the course was presented at Imperial College London from 1982 to 1986 and
at Nottingham University from 1996 to 2002. With advances in computer-based
communications technology the traditional residential course has now been replaced in
the UK by a web-based distance learning version to focus more on self-learning rather
than teaching and to allow better access for participants outside the UK. This book, as
well as being a reference document in its own right, provides the core material for the
new ACT course and is divided into four volumes covering the following general areas:
• constituent materials
• properties and performance of concrete
• types of concrete and the associated processes, plant and techniques for its use in
construction
• testing and quality control processes.
Specification requirements need careful examination because of the different ways in
which different aspects may be treated. For example, concrete may be specified by
prescription or by performance. When concrete is prescribed, some or all of the materials
or their proportions may be fixed in advance by the specifier. When mixes are specified
by performance the producer has the responsibility of selecting the materials and their
proportions to meet the test requirements for performance. In practice most specifications
are a combination of both prescription and performance requirements.
Specified values may be absolute limits, class limits characteristic values or target
values. When absolute limits, class limits, or characteristic values are specified it is
necessary to make allowance for variations due to materials, batching and testing in
assessing the target value. Such allowance is usually termed the design margin or simply
the margin.
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