External pressure & loading analysis to tunnel, pipe culvert & arch culvert wall.

External pressure & loading analysis to tunnel

The analysis and design of pipe culverts is essentially a

problem of soil-structure interaction, and it is necessary to

give full cognizance to this fundamental coupling phenomenon when formulating or evaluating any specific procedures. Historically, pipe culverts have been divided into two general

categories—flexible and rigid—and independent analysis

and design procedures have been developed for each. However, despite the individual design treatment given these

extreme situations, the load acting on the culvert in each

case is determined in basically the same manner; this, of

course, is inconsistent with the interaction effect between

the soil and the culvert.

 

  

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