RCC Retaining Wall Design (Cantilever type) Excel Sheet

RCC Retaining Wall Design (Cantilever type) Excel Sheet



Cantilever retaining walls are the most common and widely used type of retaining wall. The following figure shows the cantilever retaining wall. Retaining walls are used in the construction of the basement below ground level, wing walls of bridge and to retain slopes in hilly terrain roads. The retaining wall can be constructed with masonry as well as reinforced concrete. In the case of masonry retaining wall, the thickness of the wall increases with height because masonry resists the lateral pressure by its weight. Thus it is also called gravity retaining wall. While the reinforced concrete retaining wall resists the lateral pressure by structural action such as bending and results in a thinner section.



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Air Conditioning System Design Manual, Second Edition

Air Conditioning System Design Manual, Second Edition 

ASHRAE Press

Preference :

This manual was prepared to assist entry-level engineers in the design of air-conditioning systems. It is also usable—in conjunction with fundamental HVAC&R resource materials—as a senioror graduate-level text for a university course in HVAC system design. This manual was intended to fill the void between theory and practice, to bridge the gap between real-world design practices and the theoretical knowledge acquired in the typical college course or textbook. Courses and texts usually concentrate on theoretical calculations and analytical procedures or they focus upon the design of components. This manual focuses on applications. The manual has two main parts: (1) a narrative description of design procedures and criteria organized into ten chapters and (2) six appendices with illustrative examples presented in greater detail.


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Content :
  • INTRODUCTION
  • THE DESIGN PROCESS
  • OCCUPANT COMFORT AND HEALTH
  • LOAD CALCULATIONS
  • COMPONENTS
  • ALL-AIR HVAC SYSTEMS
  • AIR-AND-WATER SYSTEMS
  • ALL-WATER SYSTEMS
  • SPECIAL HVAC SYSTEMS
  • HVAC&R CONTROLS
  • PROPOSED MECHANICAL AND ELECTRICAL SYSTEMS FOR AN OFFICE BUILDING WITH RETAIL STORES


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Analysis of Rates of Building Construction in Excel Sheet

Analysis of Rates of Building Construction in Excel Sheet



To determine the rate of Building Construction a particular item of work from quantities of materials and labors required and their costs rates of materials and labor are changing from place to place, therefore the rates o different items of work also changes from place to place every Estimate should be accompanied by the analysis of rates of the items provided in it. Analysis of rates comprises of cost of Material, Cost of labor, T and P, and Sundries, Carriage Contractor’s Profit



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Building Engineering and Systems Design

Building Engineering and Systems Design 

Frederick S. Merritt

Preference :

This edition is based upon a firm conviction of the authors that the purpose of, and the need for the book, as described in the Preface to the First Edition, are as critical today as they were when the first edition was prepared. In fact, now, there is a greater need for applications of systems design to buildings. This need occurs because of rising construction costs, greater demand for more and improved building services, and better quality control of construction. In brief, this book explains what needs to be designed, and the issues to be addressed in the design process. Revisions of the first edition have been aimed at refining the text and developing new topics which have emerged during the past decade. Increased attention is given to the involvement of architects in systems design, and to the inclusion of architectural goals and objectives in the value systems for optimized design. Traditionally, architects have been the only members of the building team whose formal training has included some work in all the major areas of building design. College courses in structures, plumbing, lighting, electrical power, mechanical systems, and building services in general, have, in the past, been included in most architectural education curricula.


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Content :
  • New Directions in Building Design
  • Basic Building Elements and Their Representation
  • Systems Design Method
  • Application of Systems Design to Buildings
  • Contract Documents and Construction Methods
  • Life Safety Concerns
  • Building Sites and Foundations
  • Structural Systems
  • Plumbing
  • Heating, Ventilation, and Air Conditioning
  • Lighting
  • Sound and Vibration Control
  • Electrical Systems
  • Vertical Circulation
  • Systems for Enclosing Buildings


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Excel sheet to Calculate Cement and Sand for Plastering

Excel sheet to Calculate Cement and Sand for Plastering



In this excel sheet, you will calculate the quantities of sand and cement for plastering.
Plaster means a lean mortar that is formed for certain applications of arranging a supportive covering.
Finishing coats shall be of such minimum thickness as just to provide a sufficient body of material to harden satisfactorily under the site conditions in any particular case. The total thickness of two-coat work exclusive of keys or dubbing- out shall be generally about, but shall not normally exceed 20 mm and it shall not exceed 15 mm in the case of in situ concrete soffits. The thickness of three-coat work shall be about, but shall not normally exceed 25mm. The thickness of an individual coat shall generally be as recommended


Excel sheet to Calculate Cement and Sand for Plastering Free Download 

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40 Lessons in Structural Analysis

40 Lessons in Structural Analysis 

IIT Kharagpur

Preference :

Structural analysis and design is a very old art and is known to human beings since the early civilizations. The Pyramids constructed by Egyptians around 2000 B.C. stands today as the testimony to the skills of master builders of that civilization. Many early civilizations produced great builders, skilled craftsmen who constructed magnificent buildings such as the Parthenon at Athens (2500 years old), the great Stupa at Sanchi (2000 years old), Taj Mahal (350 years old), Eiffel Tower (120 years old) and many more buildings around the world. These monuments tell us about the great feats accomplished by these craftsmen in the analysis, design, and construction of large structures. Today we see around us countless houses, bridges, flyovers, high-rise buildings, and spacious shopping malls. Planning, analysis, and construction of these buildings is a science by itself. The main purpose of any structure is to support the loads coming on it by properly transferring them to the foundation. Even animals and trees could be treated as structures. Indeed biomechanics is a branch of mechanics, which concerns the working of the skeleton and muscular structures. In the early periods, houses were constructed along the riverbanks using the locally available material.


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Content :
  • 1. Energy Methods in Structural Analysis
  • 2. Analysis of Statically Indeterminate Structures by the Matrix Force Method
  • 3. Analysis of Statically Indeterminate Structures by the Displacement Method
  • 4. Analysis of Statically Indeterminate Structures by the Direct Stiffness Method
  • 5. Cables and Arches
  • 6. Approximate Methods for Indeterminate Structural Analysis
  • 7. Influence Lines


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Failure Case Studies in Civil Engineering

Failure Case Studies in Civil Engineering 

Paul A. Bosela

Preference :

This is a special publication of the Education Committee of the American Society of Civil Engineers’ (ASCE) Technical Council on Forensic Engineering (TCFE). It was first published in 1995 as Failures in Civil Engineering: Structural, Foundation, and Geoenvironmental Case Studies edited by Robin Shepherd and J. David Frost. Forensic Engineering is the application of engineering principles to the investigation of failures or other performance problems. The investigations may involve testimony on the findings before a court of law or another judicial forum when required. Failures include not only catastrophic events, such as bridge and building collapses, but also failures of facilities or components to perform as intended by the owner, design professional, or constructor. ASCE authorized TCFE in July 1985 following a number of dramatic collapses of engineered structures, such as the Hartford Coliseum, Kemper Arena, and the Hyatt Regency Walkways. The purpose of TCFE is to develop practices and procedures to reduce the number of such failures, to disseminate information on failures and their causes, to provide guidelines for conducting failure investigations, and to provide guidelines for ethical conduct in forensic engineering. It is the purpose of TCFE’s Education Committee to promote the study of failure case histories in educational activities. Thus, the committee works to promote and advance the educational objectives of colleges and universities and act as a source of referral for educational material with a forensic engineering emphasis.

Failure Case Studies in Civil Engineering


Content :
  • Foundation Failures
  • The embankment, Dam, and Slope Failures
  • Geoenvironmental Failures
  • Bridge Failures
  • Building Failures


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Road Construction Estimating Excel Sheet

Road Construction Estimating Excel Sheet



The cost of road contraction may greatly vary depending on a few factors including the road standards, topography, soil conditions, machinery used, the employed machinists’ and workers’ skills, and of course the labor costs for a particular project. As the methodology and system used during the road constructions all over the world obeys some standard norms, it’s not hard to estimation the general construction cost if the factors remain constant.

If we talk about the cost of forest roads, it’s highly recommended to divide the labor and machine costs into various parts.


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Excel Sheet to Design Formwork

Excel Sheet to Design Formwork 



This excel spreadsheet provides the design of timber formwork systems for elevated concrete slabs. The formulae, calculations, and tables used in this spreadsheet are based on ACI committee 347, Formwork for Concrete, 6th Edition.

Formwork is the term used for the process of creating a temporary mold into which concrete is poured and formed. Traditional formwork is fabricated using timber, but it can also be constructed from steel, glass fibre reinforced plastics and other materials.

The formwork design excel sheet is measured in terms of an area that is in contact with the concrete surface. For example, the formwork for concrete footing will be calculated as the surface area of four sides of foundation only. Bottom of the footing is resting on the earth, there is no need of any formwork and top of the footing is open




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Mechanisms and Mechanical Devices Sourcebook

Mechanisms and Mechanical Devices Sourcebook

NEIL SCLATER

Preference :

This is the fourth edition of Mechanisms and Mechanical Devices Sourcebook, a well-illustrated reference book containing a wide range of information on both classical and modern mechanisms and mechanical devices. This edition contains three new chapters: one on basic mechanisms; the second on mobile robots; and the third on new directions in mechanical engineering. The chapter on basic mechanisms provides an overview of the physical principles of mechanics; the chapter on mobile robots examines existing scientific and military mobile robots and the scientific and engineering research in advanced robotics; the chapter on new directions in mechanical engineering reviews the present status and future prospects for microtechnology, highlighting progress in and acceptance of microelectromechanical systems (MEMS). Also included in the chapter are articles on nanotechnology, focused on the role mechanical engineers are playing in this burgeoning science. The field of nanotechnology now involves several branches of engineering as well as the physical, chemical, biological, and medical sciences. A previous section on rapid prototyping has been updated and upgraded as a separate chapter.


Mechanisms and Mechanical Devices Sourcebook


Content :
  • Chapter 1 Basics Of Mechanisms
  • Chapter 2 Motion Control Systems
  • Chapter 3 Industrial Robots
  • Chapter 4 Mobile Scientific, Military, And Research Robots
  • Chapter 5 Linkages: Drives And Mechanisms
  • Chapter 6 Gears: Devices, Drives, And Mechanisms
  • Chapter 7 Cam, Geneva, And Ratchet Drives And Mechanisms
  • Chapter 8 Clutches And Brakes
  • Chapter 9 Latching, Fastening, And Clamping Devices And Mechanisms
  • Chapter 10 Chain And Belt Devices And Mechanisms
  • Chapter 11 Spring And Screw Devices And Mechanisms
  • Chapter 12 Shaft Couplings And Connections
  • Chapter 13 Motion-specific Devices, Mechanisms, And Machines
  • Chapter 14computer-aided Design Concepts


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Excel sheet to Design of Raft Foundation

Excel sheet to Design of Raft Foundation



 Raft foundation is a reinforced concrete slab under the whole of a building or extension, 'floating' on the ground as a raft floats on water. This type of foundation spreads the load of the building over a larger area than other foundations, lowering the pressure on the ground.
It reduces the contact pressure contrary to the conventionally applied strip or trench footings. It minimizes the stress on the soil. It transfers the load enforced by a number of columns or walls over the area of foundation or ground and can be assessed as ‘float’ on the ground as a raft floats on water.
Often areas covered by raft may be in excess of the contact area based on the bearing capacity of the soil below. The reinforcing bars operate normally to each other in both top and bottom layers of steel reinforcement.

Often inverted main beams and secondary beams are employed to bear column loads which need deeper foundation slab in view of the economy of the structure. Both beams are cast monolithically with raft slab. Raft foundation is suitable where soils contain the low bearing capacity and have to provide support to combat heavy structural loads.



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Dynamic Analysis of Structures

Dynamic Analysis of Structures 

John T. Katsikadelis

Preference :

The statement of the laws of motion by Newton 334 years ago (1686)a was a milestone in the evolution of mechanics and modern engineering. The relation between force (cause) and motion (effect) was quantified as a relation between the linear momentum of the body and the force exerted on it. Thus, this relation from a subject of philosophy up to that time turned out to be a valuable tool of science for the study of the natural world. The subsequent developments in the sciences were rapid. Astronomy, mathematics, mechanics of fluid and deformable bodies, and in general, mechanics of continuous media reached their peaks in the centuries that followed, with immense applications to all engineering disciplines. Nevertheless, the laws of motion, which were stated as an axiom (Axiomata sive Leges Motus) by Newton because, apparently, he could not justify their derivation, was a consequence of the discoveries of great scientists who preceded him such as Galileo,b Kepler,c Hook, etc.
The implementation of the laws of motion leads to mathematical models described by differential equations, ordinary or partial, whose solution effort has given a great impetus to the development of mathematics. Unfortunately, analytical solutions are limited to simple problems such as vibrations of discrete systems with a few degrees of freedom; linear vibrations of beams, membranes, plates, and shells with simple geometry; and simple support conditions made from materials, mostly with a linear behavior.



Content :
  • 1. General concepts and principles of structural dynamics
  • 2. Single-degree-of-freedom systems: Free vibrations
  • 3. Single-degree-of-freedom systems: Forced vibrations
  • 4. Numerical integration of the equation of motion
  • 5. Nonlinear response: Single-degree-of-freedom systems
  • 6. Response to ground motion and vibration isolation
  • 7. Damping in structures
  • 8. Generalized single-degree-of-freedom systems-Continuous systems
  • 9. Analysis in the frequency domain
  • 10. Multi-degree-of-freedom systems: Models and equations of motion
  • 11. The finite element method
  • 12. Multi-degree-of-freedom systems: Free vibrations
  • 13. Numerical evaluation of the eigenfrequencies and eigenmodes
  • 14. Multi-degree-of-freedom systems: Forced vibrations
  • 15. Dynamic analysis of multi-story buildings
  • 16. Base isolation


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Excel sheet to Design Rectangular Column Footing

Excel sheet to Design Rectangular Column Footing



Design of Rectangular Column Footing is a special case of rectangular columns, formed with the foundation footing. Such a structural solution significantly facilitates the installation of an element at the construction site. We may manufacture column footings of rectangular sections of large heights up to a few floors. The column footings are equipped with the installation accessories for the floor beams, roof beams, and walls.


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Engineering Drawing and Design

Engineering Drawing and Design 

David A. Madsen

Preference :

The tremendous growth of scientific knowledge over the past 50 years has resulted in an intense pressure on the engineering curricula of many universities to substitute “modern” subjects in place of subjects perceived as weaker or outdated. The result is that, for some, the kinematics and dynamics of machines has remained a critical component of the curriculum and a requirement for all mechanical engineering students, while at others, a course on these subjects is only made available as an elective topic for specialized study by a small number of engineering students. Some schools, depending largely on the faculty, require a greater emphasis on mechanical design at the expense of depth of knowledge in analytical techniques. Rapid advances in technology, however, have produced a need for a textbook that satisfies the requirement of new and changing course structures.
This book is intended to cover that field of engineering theory, analysis, design, and practice that is generally described as mechanisms or as kinematics and dynamics of machines. Although this text is written primarily for students of mechanical engineering, the content can also be of considerable value to practicing engineers throughout their professional careers.


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Content :
  • Chapter 1— Introduction to Engineering Drawing and Design
  • Chapter 2— Drafting Equipment, Media, and Reproduction Methods
  • Chapter 3— Computer-Aided Design and Drafting (CADD)
  • Chapter 4— Manufacturing Materials and Processes
  • Chapter 5— Sketching Applications
  • Chapter 6 — Lines and Lettering
  • Chapter 7—Drafting Geometry
  • Chapter 8—Multiviews
  • Chapter 9—Auxiliary Views
  • Chapter 10— Dimensioning and Tolerancing
  • Chapter 11—Fasteners and Springs
  • Chapter 12— Sections, Revolutions, and Conventional Breaks
  • Chapter 13— Geometric Dimensioning and Tolerancing
  • Chapter 14— Pictorial Drawings and Technical Illustrations
  • Chapter 15—Working Drawings
  • Chapter 16— Mechanisms: Linkages, Cams, Gears, and Bearings
  • Chapter 17—Belt and Chain Drives
  • Chapter 25— The Engineering Design Process


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New Materials in Civil Engineering

New Materials in Civil Engineering 

Pijush Samui

Preference :

The purpose of this chapter is to introduce different engineering materials of construction that have potential to be employed [1 3]. Considering various engineering attributes such as durability, sustainability, enhanced performance, reduction of use of natural resources, and low embodied energy, and the way forward, the reader is introduced to the new materials, however no attempt is made to provide a treatise of each material. The concepts introduced also give insight into the challenges and scope for innovation that exist. The extraction, production, transportation, utilization, and recycling of construction materials have impacts on the environment, sustainability, and built environment. Generally, investment and rate of growth of infrastructure act as one of the key indicators of economic growth and prosperity of any country. There are reports of structures having suffered severe degradation. Investigations have revealed that most of the distress, damage, or degradation are due to the combined effects of aggressive environments, and increased live loads or altered function from the original/ intended design. Civil engineers face challenges of restoring the original design life, and preserving and maintaining retrofitted structures [1] through technological interventions. After water, concrete is the most commonly used building material in the world. Concrete has been through different stages of development; the earliest was conventional normal-strength concrete (NSC). Cement, water, fine aggregates, and coarse aggregates are the four key ingredients to developing the concrete mix matrix. For faster and leaner RCC construction of civil engineering infrastructure use of concrete with very high compressive strength is the preferred solution today. Civil infrastructure referred to here is concerned with urban infrastructure, development of smart cities, high-rise buildings, and long-span bridges, etc. In the next stages of development, (1) high-strength concrete (HSC), (2) high-performance concrete (HPC), and (3) ultraHSC (UHSC) have been successfully developed and deployed.




Content :
  • An overview of cementitious construction materials
  • Computational intelligence for modeling of pavement surface characteristics
  • Computational intelligence for modeling of asphalt pavement surface distress
  • Expanded polystyrene geofoam
  • Recycling of industrial wastes for value-added applications in clay-based ceramic products: a global review
  • Emerging advancement of fiber-reinforced polymer composites in structural applications
  • Fiber-reinforced concrete and ultrahigh-performance fiber-reinforced concrete materials
  • The superplasticizer effect on the rheological and mechanical properties of self-compacting concrete
  • Trends and perspectives in the use of timber and derived products in building fac¸ades
  • Dynamic response of laminated composite plates fitted with piezoelectric actuators
  • Functional nanomaterials and their applications toward smart and green buildings


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Wind Load Calculation Excel Sheet

Wind Load Calculation Excel Sheet



ASCE705W is a spreadsheet program written in MS-Excel for the purpose of wind loading analysis for buildings and structures per the ASCE 7-05 Code. Specifically, wind pressure coefficients and related and required parameters are selected or calculated in order to compute the net design wind pressures. 

Worksheet for "Simplified" analysis is applicable for low-rise buildings meeting the criteria of Section 6.4.1. and In the worksheet for Simplified analysis, the design MWFRS wind load is calculated for each direction. The design MWFRS load is assumed to be the total wind load on either the width or the length of the building respectively.
Worksheet for "MWFRS (Low-Rise)" is applicable for low-rise buildings as defined in Section 6.2. Worksheets for "MWFRS (Any Ht.)", "Wall C&C", and "Roof C&C" are applicable for buildings with mean roof heights of up to 500 feet.


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Building Construction Handbook, Tenth Edition

BUILDING CONSTRUCTION HANDBOOK Tenth edition 

Roy Chudley

Preference :

The Building Construction Handbook originated in 1982 as a series of four “check-books” written and illustrated by Roy Chudley. In 1988 these successful study guides were consolidated into one volume under the present title. The format of comprehensive illustrations and support text has been maintained as revisions and updates are incorporated into new editions. This latest edition contains a fresh assessment of the practices, procedures, guidance and legislation appropriate to construction and maintenance of housing and other low-rise buildings. It also includes applications to medium and larger scale structures for commercial and industrial purposes. Much of the work from earlier editions is retained as an important reference, acknowledging that the industry end product generally has a long life span representative of high capital investment. Product aftercare in the form of maintenance, repair, renovation, refurbishment, extensions and alterations can represent some 50% of the industry turnover, much more when bank lending is limited for new development. For this purpose, many established and traditional practices shown in earlier editions are retained. Existing practices also benchmark development as a basis from which contemporary design and technology evolve.

This is in response to political, social and economic requirements through legislative directives for environmental issues, energy regulation, fuel conservation and the need for sustainability in construction. The content of the book is extensive, although no textbook, not least this one, could ever incorporate all practices experienced in an industry so diverse as construction. The content is not exemplar and neither does it attempt to be prescriptive. It is a perspective of construction principles including guidance to processes and, where appropriate, associated design. Building is to some extent determined by availability of materials and skilled operatives; therefore local, regional and national factors will also be responsible for some variation.



Content :
  • Part One General
  • Part Two Site Works
  • Part Three Builders Plant
  • Part Four Substructure
  • Part Five Superstructure
  • Part Six Superstructure
  • Part Seven Internal Construction and Finishes
  • Part Eight Domestic Services


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Building Construction Estimation Spreadsheet

Building Construction Estimation Excel Sheet



Estimation is the process of finding an estimate, or approximation, which is a value that is usable for some purpose even if input data may be incomplete, uncertain, or unstable. The value is nonetheless usable because it is derived from the best information available. Typically, estimation involves “using the value of a statistic derived from a sample to estimate the value of a corresponding population parameter”.The sample provides information that can be projected, through various formal or informal processes, to determine a range most likely to describe the missing information. An estimate that turns out to be incorrect will be an overestimate if the estimate exceeded the actual result, and an underestimate if the estimate fell short of the actual result. In real life, estimation is part of our everyday experience. For students, estimating is an important skill. First and foremost, we want students to be able to determine the reasonableness of their answers. Without estimation skills, students aren’t able to determine if their answer is within a reasonable range.



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Mechanical Engineering Handbook

Mechanical Engineering Handbook 

John J. Uicker, Jr

Preference :

Engineers use the concepts and methods of mechanics of solids in designing and evaluating tools, machines, and structures, ranging from wrenches to cars to spacecraft. The required educational background for these includes courses in statics, dynamics, mechanics of materials, and related subjects. For example, dynamics of rigid bodies is needed in generalizing the spectrum of service loads on a car, which is essential in defining the vehicle’s deformations and long-term durability. In regard to structural integrity and durability, the designer should think not only about preventing the catastrophic failures of products, but also of customer satisfaction. For example, a car with gradually loosening bolts (which is difficult to prevent in a corrosive and thermal and mechanical cyclic loading environment) is a poor product because of safety, vibration, and noise problems. There are sophisticated methods to assure a product’s performance and reliability. A similar but even more realistic test setup is shown in Color Plate 1.* It is common experience among engineers that they have to review some old knowledge or learn something new, but what is needed at the moment is not at their fingertips. This chapter may help the reader in such a situation. Within the constraints of a single book on mechanical engineering, it provides overviews of topics with modern perspectives, illustrations of typical applications, modeling to solve problems quantitatively with realistic simplifications, equations and procedures, useful hints and reminders of common errors, trends of relevant material and mechanical system behaviors, and references to additional information.



Content :
  • SECTION 1 Mechanics of Solids
  • SECTION 2 Engineering Thermodynamics
  • SECTION 3 Fluid Mechanics
  • SECTION 4 Heat and Mass Transfer
  • SECTION 5 Electrical Engineering
  • SECTION 6 Mechanical System Controls
  • SECTION 7 Energy Resources
  • SECTION 8 Energy Conversion
  • SECTION 9 Air Conditioning and Refrigeration
  • SECTION 10A Electronic Packaging
  • SECTION 10 Transportation
  • SECTION 11 Engineering Design


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Excel Sheet to Calculate Requirement of Material and Labour for Civil Work

Excel Sheet to Calculate Requirement of Material and Labour for Civil Work



The requirements of Specifications shall be fulfilled by the Contractor without extra charges i.e. the item rates quoted shall be deemed to have taken these Specifications into account. These are requirements the Contractor shall fulfill after the issue of Letter of Acceptance but before the Date of Commencement required for construction purposes.The Contractor shall make his own arrangement for all internal and external telephones and other communication means deemed necessary for the Works. The Contractor shall make his own arrangement for office equipment and other consumable for his use for the Works.

Calculate Requirement of Material and Labour for Civil Work


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Retaining Wall Design Spreadsheet

Retaining Wall Design Spreadsheet



Retaining Wall Design Calculations Excel Suite includes all 8 of our retaining wall design spreadsheets. 
The design of retaining walls can be a complex undertaking, particularly when using BS EN 1997. The retaining wall must be designed to resist the sliding and overturning forces exerted by the retained material. This calculation can be time consuming to complete with many different variables.

The process of completing and optimising a design is also an iterative one. The designer must complete the calculations for a trial retaining wall and then adjust the design depending on the results. This can mean repeating the same calculations 5-10 times before a reasonably optimised design solution is reached. BS EN 1997 makes this worse by including two different sets of partial factors, doubling the quantity of calculations required.

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Water Quality Control Handbook

WATER QUALITY CONTROL HANDBOOK 

E. Roberts Alley, P.E

Preference :

Environmental protection has, for at least the last 50 years, been a major concern in the civilized
nations of the world. The concern initially was limited to public health but has, since the 1970s,
been expanded to include the environment. As stewards of our environment, we are responsible for
the protection of the environment, for our own sake and for the benefit of generations to follow. It
is accepted that humankind cannot continue to advance technologically while ignoring the environmental deterioration that occurs when we irresponsibly discharge the waste from our technology.
Indeed, the sustainable growth of our civilization requires, as the only reasonable and
a feasible way to coexist on our planet with nature, that we protect our fragile environment. Much
of the legislation promulgated to provide environmental protection has the purpose of not only
non-deterioration of present environmental conditions, but the improvement of these conditions so
that past abuse is corrected.
For many years we have discharged waste products into the air, the water, and the land as if they
were limitless reservoirs of storage. We have found of course, that this is not the case, and they have
deteriorated our air, water, and land quality to the crisis point. Nature, fortunately, is forgiving, and
like the human body, has a remarkable capacity for recovery when abuse cases. But continuing
abuse can literally destroy nature as well as it can our bodies.
Science has advanced to the point where we can fairly accurately predict the risk of pollutant
discharge and can develop systems to eliminate the discharges which tend to deteriorate the
environment.


Download Water Quality Control Handbook


Content :
  • Chapter 1. Introduction
  • Chapter 2. Sources of Water Pollution
  • Chapter 3. Pollutant Classification
  • Chapter 4. Water Quality
  • Chapter 5. Environmental Management
  • Chapter 6. Regulatory Standards
  • Chapter 7. Wastewater Treatment Plant Design
  • Chapter 8. Physical Treatment
  • Chapter 9. Chemical Treatment
  • Chapter 10. Biological Treatment
  • Chapter 11. Residual Treatment
  • Chapter 12. Wastewater Treatment Solutions
  • Chapter 13. Pollutant Information


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